Study Guide Chapter 33
Chapter #33: Identifications
Eleanor Roosevelt- She was the first lady who was the most active in her position throughout history and during her time. She is the wife of President FDR and supports him in his decisions.
Harry Hopkins- He was one of FDR's closest advisors and one of the few who helped with the idea of the New Deal escpecially on programs such as the Works Progress Administration which helped built the largest employer in the country.
Frances Perkins- She was the 4th ever Secretary of Labor and the first woman to be appointed to the U.S. cabinet. She was a loyal supporter and friend of FDR and helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal plan.
Father Coughlin- He was a Roman Catholic priest and one of the first political leaders to use the radio to reach his audience and talk to them. He was a vocal supported of FDR in his early times but when the New Deal was proposed, he became a harsh critic of him.
Huey Long- He was a Senator of Louisiana and ranted about his "Share the Wealth" plan and promised "everey man a king." He spoke of giving people $5,000 to poor families by taking it from people who do have that amount of money. At one point of time, he was assassinated in 1935.
Francis Townshend- He was another person who had a wild idea by doling out two hundred dollars a month to five million senior citizens who would have to spend it in order to pump up the exonomy. Mathematically, it was an impossible plan.
Harold Ickes- He was the Secretary of the Interior during FDR's term who started thirty-four thousand projects. His most noteworthy one was the Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River which was the biggest human built structure since the Great Wall of China.
Alfred M. Landon- He was the republican candidate for president in the election of 1936. He criticized FDR's mass spending but he was a poor compaigner and was only supported by very few people. In the end, FDR would win reelection with 523 electoral votes to 8.
Brain Trust(s)- This was a saying for a group of people or advisors of a political candidate prized for information of a particular field. This was associated more with Franklin Roosevelt during his term and has expanded to any group of advisors to a decision maker.
The three R's- In FDR's plan of a New Deal and to bring America back up from the great depression, he proposed the three R's. They were relief, recovery and reform which he would take into action ones he starts passing his bills that were called the "alphabet soup".
National Labor Relation Board- This is an agency of the U.S. chared with conducting elections for labor union representation and with investigatingof unfair labor practices. This may involve union related situations or instances of protected activity.
Congress of Industrial Organizations- This organization was headed by John L. Lewis who was the head of the United Mine Workers. They admitted the unskilled and started within the AF of L but then later split on its own. They won against the court case of a bloody strike that ensued agaginst Smaller steel companies.
Liberty League- During the election of 1936, some of the Democrats joined the Republicans to form the American Liberty league which didn't like the "Socialist" direction that the New Deal was taking in America.
Court-packing scheme- This was an initiative proposed by FDR in order to bring more justice in to the Supreme Court. The plan was to get better ruling in the New Deal Legislation that was decided unconstitutional. The Bill would grant the President power to appoint an additional Justice to the court.
Chapter #33 Guided Reading Questions
DR: A Politician in a Wheelchair
Know: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt
1. What kind of man was FDR?
FDR was a tall, handsome, and atheletic man that stayed in a wheelchair because of the polio he had in 1921. He had the people's touch and his words conveyed a sense of care in them. The fact that he was reduced to the point of being confined to a wheelchair helped him with his temper and humbed his personality. His full name was Franklin elano Roosevelt and was better known as FDR.
Presidential Hopefuls of 1932
2. What was Roosevelt's campaign message in the 1932 election?
Democrats appealed to the common man and exuded confidence within them. Hoover wasn't as good with the people and his slogans was like "The Worst is Past" and "It Might Have been Worse". People still blamed Hoover for the Great Depression and was a goner in terms of being reelected for being a president again. Roosevelt was more happy lifting with his theme song of "Happy Days are Here Again".
The Humiliation of Hoover in 1932
3. What were the immediate results of Roosevelt's victory?
Black people originally voted for the Republicans since it was Lincon's party and was against slavery. Now they went from the party of Abe Lincoln to the Democrats who were pro-slavery. A change that took place was that the lame duck period of six weeks before inaugeration was taken out with the twentieth amendment. Unemployment was at twenty five percent and only made FDR emerge more as a savior when he saves them all.
FDR and the Three R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform
Know: New Deal, Banking Holiday, Hundred Days, Three R's,
4. Describe the New Deal.
The New Deal will involve the three R's which was Relief, Recovery, and Reform. He first issue a "bank holiday" to close the banks for a week and wait until the banks were able to open again good as new. In the first three "Hundred Days", Roosevelt passed as many bills since had the support of two thirds of Congress and the Senate. His acts would provide relief then the economy would recover slowly from that point of time.
Roosevelt Manages the Money
Know: Fireside Chats, Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Managed Currency
5. What were the key aspects of FDR's monetary policy?
One of the key aspects of FDR's policy is the Banking Relief Act since it closed down banks and calmed down the chaos for a while. FDR also used "Fireside Chats" in order to hear the problems of the modern day person and try to clear them up. His Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation sinure people's money in the bank up to five thousand dollars so that people weren't afraid of losing their money.
Creating Jobs for the Jobless
Know: Pump Priming, CCC, FERA, Harry Hopkins, AAA, HOLC, CWA
6. Explain the difference between New Deal agencies and what radical critics wanted the government to do.
FDR wanted to use federal money in order to jump start the company. His Civilian Conservation Corporation had young men hired to work in national forests and plant trees as well as draining swamps. This would give them experience and adventure. The Federal Relief Administration sought relief by doling government handouts. Hopkins was in charge of this and started out by giving three billion to states.
A Day for Every Demagogue
Know: Father Charles Coughlin, Huey Long, Dr. Francis E. Townsend, WPA
7. List other historical demagogues.
Although there were people who liked FDR, there were those who were against him and his New Deal plan. An example is Father Charles Coughlin who discuss things on "Social Justice". At first he was a pro-FDR but then he was against his New Deal. Huey Long ranted about his plans of giving five thousand dollars to poor families and make everyone a king. Townsend proposed the same but wanted to give two hundred dollars to senior citizens.
New Visibility for Women
Know: Frances Perkins, Mary McLeod Bethune, Ruth Benedict, Margaret Mead, Pearl Buck
8. Explain the factors that made it possible for these women to gain fame.
Women started to gain there fame when they held high positions. Eleanor Roosevelt showed future first Ladies what a first lady should act and present themselves during their husband's term. Frances Perkins became the first female cabinet member as Secretary of Labor. Mary Bethune was the highest ranking black and was in chare of the Office of Minority Affairs.
Helping Industry and Labor
Know: NRA, Sick Chicken Decision, PWA, Harold Ickes
9. How did the NRA attempt to restoreindustry?
Another part of the New Deal programs was the National Recovery Administrartion. There job was to help industries, labor, and those who were still unemployed. In order to accomplish this they set codes of "fair competition" which meant working hours would be given to more people. The minimum and maximum amount of work hours as well as minimum wages was set up. Labor unions were also given the right to get together and unionize. Yellow dog contracs were also forbidden as well as child labor.
Paying Farmers Not to Farm
10. How did the federal government attempt to help farmers?
The prices of food were still low at this time and in order to help the farmers, the Agricultural Adjustment Act paid farmers not to farm in order to lower the supply of food. With less product, the price would grow higher. The "Artificial scarcity" seemed cruel and wasteful since pigs were slaughtered and used as fertilizer instead of product. Because of that, the Supreme Court declared that the AAA was unconstitutional.
Dust Bowls and Black Blizzards
Know: Dust Bowl, Okies and Arkies, The Grapes of Wrath, Indian Reorganization Act
11. How did nature cause problems for some farmers on the plains?
The lower Plains suffered some heavy losses due to a drought that hit in 1933. Winds that kicked up in the area started the Dust Bowl and blow away the fertile topsoil of farms in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas. The reason this happened was because of the "Dry farming" techniques the farmers used by plowing the top few inches of soil and create a powdery layer that would blow away in the end. In order to find better soil, the people moved to southern California.
Makers of America: The Dust Bowl Migrant
Know: San Joaquin Valley, Farm Security Administration, Okievilles
12. In what ways were things better in California? In what ways were they the same?
Some people boasted of their abundant lives in California so when the Great Depression striiked, many of them fled to their. However, that state seemed to be in the same condition as any othe state there was since there was a sign that read "NO JOBS in California...If YOU are looking for work -KEEP OUT." Still, the climate, cotton growing, new found oil deposits, and abundant land were promising to the migrants.
Battling Bankers and Big Business
Know: Federal Securities Act, SEC
13."Reformist New Dealers were determined from the outset to curb the `money changers....'" Explain.
Before the stock crashed, some business were given phony numbers and couldn't get what they invested. In order to get rid of these scandals, Congress passed the Federal Securities Act and required companies to report honest financial numbers. The Securities Exchange Commission was set up as the watchdog for these businesses.
The TVA Harnesses the Tennessee River
Know: TVA, Creeping Socialism
14. What arguments were used for and against the TVA project?
Since some people felt that the electricity companies were giving customers high rates, it attracted the New Dealers. They also wanted to expan the company to rural areas. The Tennessee Valley Authority was set up in order to build dams along the Tennessee River in 1933. This would provide jobs, give electricity, improve the lives of many people, and help with housing via the jobs.
Housing Reform andSocial Security
Know: FHA, Social Security
15. How did the FHA and Social Security attempt to help some of society's least fortunate?
The Federal Housing Authority was set up to give people some low interest rates on home loans. This gave the opportunity for people to get some homes while giving other people some jobs to do. It was one of the most popular programs in FDR's New Deal. The growth of slums were stopped when the U.S. Housing Authority lent money to states or localities for construction projects.
A New Deal for Labor
Know: Wagner Act, National Labor Relations Board, CIO, John L. Lewis, Sit-down Strike
16. How did labor respond to the improvement of conditions brought about by the New Deal?
To replace the National Recovery Association, the Wagner Act was passed to guarantee the right of unions to organize and bargain with management. The response was immediate as unskilled workers organize since they were easily replaced in a strike. The Committee for Industrial Organization was passed in order to admitted the unskilled. This was headed by John L. Lewis and they joined together with the Ag of L.
Landon Challenges "the Champ”
Know: Alfred Landon, American Liberty League
17. What was the significance of the 1936 election?
In the election of 1936, the republican candidate for president was Alfred M. Landon who wasn't popular in radio talk and was a poor campaigner. He even supported many of the programs that he harshly criticized in FDR's massive spending for his New Deal. At that point, some Democrats joined with the Republics to form the American Liberty League. They didn't like the "socialist" direction. In the end, FDR was easily reelected since he never forgot the "forgotten man"
Nine Old Men on the Supreme Bench
18. Why did Roosevelt ask Congress for a bill that would allow him to add justices to the Supreme Court?
Although Roosevelt had two thirds support in the Senate and Congress, the Supreme Court wasn't on his side. Because of this, some of his New Deal plan were destroyed with their decisions. This is why FDR increased the Supreme Court to fifteen justices and increase his power. Congress wasn't happy about this since it showed that Roosevelt wanted more power and was going to far in his actions to get what he want.
The Court Change Course
Know: Court Packing, Hugo Black
19. What were the consequences of FDR's attempt to pack the Court?
Because of his attempts to pack the Court with people who supported him, he was accused of being a dictator and a tyrant. He was viewed as someone was trying to grab for more power than he already had. At one point though, Owen J. Roberts started to vote liberal and upheld minimum wages for women, Wagner Act and the Social Security Act. The Supreme Court was going his way now but people were still suspicious of him.
The Twilight of the New Deal
Know: Roosevelt Recession, John Maynard Keynes, Hatch Act
20. Assess the successfulness of FDR in his second term.
In FDR's second term, the rate of unemployment went from twenty-five percent to fifteen percent and the economy took a second downtrun with the "Roosevelt Recession". Social Security was cutting into people's pay and also how much they were able to spend. Spending too much was risky, so FDR did admit that they had to cut back on spending at one point of time. However, he went back to heavy spending to help the economy.
New Deal or Raw Deal?
21. What criticism of the New Deal seems most fair to you? Least fair?
A criticism that was fair of the New Deal was that there was a ton of spending and a lot of waste for some sections but it wasn't little accomplished. FDR did move away from the laissez-fair policy but it was needed because the economy was bad. This meant that new plans need to be made in order to get it back up to its feet. The New Deal did help but WWII wouold get America out of the Great Depression.
Varying Viewpoints: How Radical Was the New Deal
Know: Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Carl Degler, Constraints School of Historians, New Deal Coalition
22. What did William Leuechtenburg mean when he called the New Deal a "half-way revolution?" (Your answer should focus more on the information before this term than on the information after it.)
In some aspect, people felt that the New Deal wasn't going far enough to accomplish the things that needed to be done in order to get the economy back on is feet. The New Deal was an attempt to remake American society since American capitalism has collapsed . Roosevelt tried to redeistribute wealth and bring giant corporations back with this new opportunity. This is why Leuchtenburg said that the New Deal was a "half-way revolution" in that it was a good start, but it needed to push further on in order to really mean something.
Eleanor Roosevelt- She was the first lady who was the most active in her position throughout history and during her time. She is the wife of President FDR and supports him in his decisions.
Harry Hopkins- He was one of FDR's closest advisors and one of the few who helped with the idea of the New Deal escpecially on programs such as the Works Progress Administration which helped built the largest employer in the country.
Frances Perkins- She was the 4th ever Secretary of Labor and the first woman to be appointed to the U.S. cabinet. She was a loyal supporter and friend of FDR and helped pull the labor movement into the New Deal plan.
Father Coughlin- He was a Roman Catholic priest and one of the first political leaders to use the radio to reach his audience and talk to them. He was a vocal supported of FDR in his early times but when the New Deal was proposed, he became a harsh critic of him.
Huey Long- He was a Senator of Louisiana and ranted about his "Share the Wealth" plan and promised "everey man a king." He spoke of giving people $5,000 to poor families by taking it from people who do have that amount of money. At one point of time, he was assassinated in 1935.
Francis Townshend- He was another person who had a wild idea by doling out two hundred dollars a month to five million senior citizens who would have to spend it in order to pump up the exonomy. Mathematically, it was an impossible plan.
Harold Ickes- He was the Secretary of the Interior during FDR's term who started thirty-four thousand projects. His most noteworthy one was the Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River which was the biggest human built structure since the Great Wall of China.
Alfred M. Landon- He was the republican candidate for president in the election of 1936. He criticized FDR's mass spending but he was a poor compaigner and was only supported by very few people. In the end, FDR would win reelection with 523 electoral votes to 8.
Brain Trust(s)- This was a saying for a group of people or advisors of a political candidate prized for information of a particular field. This was associated more with Franklin Roosevelt during his term and has expanded to any group of advisors to a decision maker.
The three R's- In FDR's plan of a New Deal and to bring America back up from the great depression, he proposed the three R's. They were relief, recovery and reform which he would take into action ones he starts passing his bills that were called the "alphabet soup".
National Labor Relation Board- This is an agency of the U.S. chared with conducting elections for labor union representation and with investigatingof unfair labor practices. This may involve union related situations or instances of protected activity.
Congress of Industrial Organizations- This organization was headed by John L. Lewis who was the head of the United Mine Workers. They admitted the unskilled and started within the AF of L but then later split on its own. They won against the court case of a bloody strike that ensued agaginst Smaller steel companies.
Liberty League- During the election of 1936, some of the Democrats joined the Republicans to form the American Liberty league which didn't like the "Socialist" direction that the New Deal was taking in America.
Court-packing scheme- This was an initiative proposed by FDR in order to bring more justice in to the Supreme Court. The plan was to get better ruling in the New Deal Legislation that was decided unconstitutional. The Bill would grant the President power to appoint an additional Justice to the court.
Chapter #33 Guided Reading Questions
DR: A Politician in a Wheelchair
Know: Franklin Delano Roosevelt, Eleanor Roosevelt
1. What kind of man was FDR?
FDR was a tall, handsome, and atheletic man that stayed in a wheelchair because of the polio he had in 1921. He had the people's touch and his words conveyed a sense of care in them. The fact that he was reduced to the point of being confined to a wheelchair helped him with his temper and humbed his personality. His full name was Franklin elano Roosevelt and was better known as FDR.
Presidential Hopefuls of 1932
2. What was Roosevelt's campaign message in the 1932 election?
Democrats appealed to the common man and exuded confidence within them. Hoover wasn't as good with the people and his slogans was like "The Worst is Past" and "It Might Have been Worse". People still blamed Hoover for the Great Depression and was a goner in terms of being reelected for being a president again. Roosevelt was more happy lifting with his theme song of "Happy Days are Here Again".
The Humiliation of Hoover in 1932
3. What were the immediate results of Roosevelt's victory?
Black people originally voted for the Republicans since it was Lincon's party and was against slavery. Now they went from the party of Abe Lincoln to the Democrats who were pro-slavery. A change that took place was that the lame duck period of six weeks before inaugeration was taken out with the twentieth amendment. Unemployment was at twenty five percent and only made FDR emerge more as a savior when he saves them all.
FDR and the Three R's: Relief, Recovery, Reform
Know: New Deal, Banking Holiday, Hundred Days, Three R's,
4. Describe the New Deal.
The New Deal will involve the three R's which was Relief, Recovery, and Reform. He first issue a "bank holiday" to close the banks for a week and wait until the banks were able to open again good as new. In the first three "Hundred Days", Roosevelt passed as many bills since had the support of two thirds of Congress and the Senate. His acts would provide relief then the economy would recover slowly from that point of time.
Roosevelt Manages the Money
Know: Fireside Chats, Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act, Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, Managed Currency
5. What were the key aspects of FDR's monetary policy?
One of the key aspects of FDR's policy is the Banking Relief Act since it closed down banks and calmed down the chaos for a while. FDR also used "Fireside Chats" in order to hear the problems of the modern day person and try to clear them up. His Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation sinure people's money in the bank up to five thousand dollars so that people weren't afraid of losing their money.
Creating Jobs for the Jobless
Know: Pump Priming, CCC, FERA, Harry Hopkins, AAA, HOLC, CWA
6. Explain the difference between New Deal agencies and what radical critics wanted the government to do.
FDR wanted to use federal money in order to jump start the company. His Civilian Conservation Corporation had young men hired to work in national forests and plant trees as well as draining swamps. This would give them experience and adventure. The Federal Relief Administration sought relief by doling government handouts. Hopkins was in charge of this and started out by giving three billion to states.
A Day for Every Demagogue
Know: Father Charles Coughlin, Huey Long, Dr. Francis E. Townsend, WPA
7. List other historical demagogues.
Although there were people who liked FDR, there were those who were against him and his New Deal plan. An example is Father Charles Coughlin who discuss things on "Social Justice". At first he was a pro-FDR but then he was against his New Deal. Huey Long ranted about his plans of giving five thousand dollars to poor families and make everyone a king. Townsend proposed the same but wanted to give two hundred dollars to senior citizens.
New Visibility for Women
Know: Frances Perkins, Mary McLeod Bethune, Ruth Benedict, Margaret Mead, Pearl Buck
8. Explain the factors that made it possible for these women to gain fame.
Women started to gain there fame when they held high positions. Eleanor Roosevelt showed future first Ladies what a first lady should act and present themselves during their husband's term. Frances Perkins became the first female cabinet member as Secretary of Labor. Mary Bethune was the highest ranking black and was in chare of the Office of Minority Affairs.
Helping Industry and Labor
Know: NRA, Sick Chicken Decision, PWA, Harold Ickes
9. How did the NRA attempt to restoreindustry?
Another part of the New Deal programs was the National Recovery Administrartion. There job was to help industries, labor, and those who were still unemployed. In order to accomplish this they set codes of "fair competition" which meant working hours would be given to more people. The minimum and maximum amount of work hours as well as minimum wages was set up. Labor unions were also given the right to get together and unionize. Yellow dog contracs were also forbidden as well as child labor.
Paying Farmers Not to Farm
10. How did the federal government attempt to help farmers?
The prices of food were still low at this time and in order to help the farmers, the Agricultural Adjustment Act paid farmers not to farm in order to lower the supply of food. With less product, the price would grow higher. The "Artificial scarcity" seemed cruel and wasteful since pigs were slaughtered and used as fertilizer instead of product. Because of that, the Supreme Court declared that the AAA was unconstitutional.
Dust Bowls and Black Blizzards
Know: Dust Bowl, Okies and Arkies, The Grapes of Wrath, Indian Reorganization Act
11. How did nature cause problems for some farmers on the plains?
The lower Plains suffered some heavy losses due to a drought that hit in 1933. Winds that kicked up in the area started the Dust Bowl and blow away the fertile topsoil of farms in Oklahoma, Kansas, and Texas. The reason this happened was because of the "Dry farming" techniques the farmers used by plowing the top few inches of soil and create a powdery layer that would blow away in the end. In order to find better soil, the people moved to southern California.
Makers of America: The Dust Bowl Migrant
Know: San Joaquin Valley, Farm Security Administration, Okievilles
12. In what ways were things better in California? In what ways were they the same?
Some people boasted of their abundant lives in California so when the Great Depression striiked, many of them fled to their. However, that state seemed to be in the same condition as any othe state there was since there was a sign that read "NO JOBS in California...If YOU are looking for work -KEEP OUT." Still, the climate, cotton growing, new found oil deposits, and abundant land were promising to the migrants.
Battling Bankers and Big Business
Know: Federal Securities Act, SEC
13."Reformist New Dealers were determined from the outset to curb the `money changers....'" Explain.
Before the stock crashed, some business were given phony numbers and couldn't get what they invested. In order to get rid of these scandals, Congress passed the Federal Securities Act and required companies to report honest financial numbers. The Securities Exchange Commission was set up as the watchdog for these businesses.
The TVA Harnesses the Tennessee River
Know: TVA, Creeping Socialism
14. What arguments were used for and against the TVA project?
Since some people felt that the electricity companies were giving customers high rates, it attracted the New Dealers. They also wanted to expan the company to rural areas. The Tennessee Valley Authority was set up in order to build dams along the Tennessee River in 1933. This would provide jobs, give electricity, improve the lives of many people, and help with housing via the jobs.
Housing Reform andSocial Security
Know: FHA, Social Security
15. How did the FHA and Social Security attempt to help some of society's least fortunate?
The Federal Housing Authority was set up to give people some low interest rates on home loans. This gave the opportunity for people to get some homes while giving other people some jobs to do. It was one of the most popular programs in FDR's New Deal. The growth of slums were stopped when the U.S. Housing Authority lent money to states or localities for construction projects.
A New Deal for Labor
Know: Wagner Act, National Labor Relations Board, CIO, John L. Lewis, Sit-down Strike
16. How did labor respond to the improvement of conditions brought about by the New Deal?
To replace the National Recovery Association, the Wagner Act was passed to guarantee the right of unions to organize and bargain with management. The response was immediate as unskilled workers organize since they were easily replaced in a strike. The Committee for Industrial Organization was passed in order to admitted the unskilled. This was headed by John L. Lewis and they joined together with the Ag of L.
Landon Challenges "the Champ”
Know: Alfred Landon, American Liberty League
17. What was the significance of the 1936 election?
In the election of 1936, the republican candidate for president was Alfred M. Landon who wasn't popular in radio talk and was a poor campaigner. He even supported many of the programs that he harshly criticized in FDR's massive spending for his New Deal. At that point, some Democrats joined with the Republics to form the American Liberty League. They didn't like the "socialist" direction. In the end, FDR was easily reelected since he never forgot the "forgotten man"
Nine Old Men on the Supreme Bench
18. Why did Roosevelt ask Congress for a bill that would allow him to add justices to the Supreme Court?
Although Roosevelt had two thirds support in the Senate and Congress, the Supreme Court wasn't on his side. Because of this, some of his New Deal plan were destroyed with their decisions. This is why FDR increased the Supreme Court to fifteen justices and increase his power. Congress wasn't happy about this since it showed that Roosevelt wanted more power and was going to far in his actions to get what he want.
The Court Change Course
Know: Court Packing, Hugo Black
19. What were the consequences of FDR's attempt to pack the Court?
Because of his attempts to pack the Court with people who supported him, he was accused of being a dictator and a tyrant. He was viewed as someone was trying to grab for more power than he already had. At one point though, Owen J. Roberts started to vote liberal and upheld minimum wages for women, Wagner Act and the Social Security Act. The Supreme Court was going his way now but people were still suspicious of him.
The Twilight of the New Deal
Know: Roosevelt Recession, John Maynard Keynes, Hatch Act
20. Assess the successfulness of FDR in his second term.
In FDR's second term, the rate of unemployment went from twenty-five percent to fifteen percent and the economy took a second downtrun with the "Roosevelt Recession". Social Security was cutting into people's pay and also how much they were able to spend. Spending too much was risky, so FDR did admit that they had to cut back on spending at one point of time. However, he went back to heavy spending to help the economy.
New Deal or Raw Deal?
21. What criticism of the New Deal seems most fair to you? Least fair?
A criticism that was fair of the New Deal was that there was a ton of spending and a lot of waste for some sections but it wasn't little accomplished. FDR did move away from the laissez-fair policy but it was needed because the economy was bad. This meant that new plans need to be made in order to get it back up to its feet. The New Deal did help but WWII wouold get America out of the Great Depression.
Varying Viewpoints: How Radical Was the New Deal
Know: Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Carl Degler, Constraints School of Historians, New Deal Coalition
22. What did William Leuechtenburg mean when he called the New Deal a "half-way revolution?" (Your answer should focus more on the information before this term than on the information after it.)
In some aspect, people felt that the New Deal wasn't going far enough to accomplish the things that needed to be done in order to get the economy back on is feet. The New Deal was an attempt to remake American society since American capitalism has collapsed . Roosevelt tried to redeistribute wealth and bring giant corporations back with this new opportunity. This is why Leuchtenburg said that the New Deal was a "half-way revolution" in that it was a good start, but it needed to push further on in order to really mean something.